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Era 1 of 12 · from 13.8 billion to 7 million years ago

The Earth before us

This is the longest era of all: it begins with the Big Bang, about 13.8 billion years ago, and runs until 7 million years ago. In this immense stretch of time the stars light up, and our galaxy, the Sun and the Earth are born. On Earth the oceans appear, along with the first living things, tiny and simple. Then come plants, fish, insects, dinosaurs, mammals and birds, while the continents drift and the climate changes many times. There were no human beings yet: we know about all this thanks to fossils, rocks and telescopes.

In Italian schools it is usually studied in primary year 3

Illustration of the era The Earth before us
Illustration created with AI for Storiascopio

The 25 events, in time order

  1. science and technologyThe Big Bangabout 13.8 billion years ago
  2. science and technologyThe first starsabout 13.5 billion years ago
  3. science and technologyBirth of the Milky Wayabout 13 billion years ago
  4. science and technologyFormation of the Solar Systemabout 4.6 billion years ago
  5. science and technologyBirth of the Earthabout 4.5 billion years ago
  6. science and technologyFormation of the Moonabout 4.5 billion years ago
  7. science and technologyThe oldest pieces of Earthabout 4.4 billion years ago
  8. science and technologyThe first oceansabout 4.3 billion years ago
  9. science and technologyThe first life on Earthabout 3.5 billion years ago
  10. science and technologyCyanobacteria and photosynthesisabout 2.7 billion years ago
  11. science and technologyThe Great Oxidation Eventabout 2.4 billion years ago
  12. science and technologyThe first complex cellsabout 1.8 billion years ago
  13. science and technologyThe first many-celled living thingsabout 1 billion years ago
  14. science and technologyThe Ediacaran creaturesabout 555 million years ago
  15. science and technologyThe Cambrian explosionabout 539 million years ago
  16. science and technologyThe first plants on landabout 475 million years ago
  17. science and technologyThe first fish with jawsabout 440 million years ago
  18. science and technologyThe first insectsabout 400 million years ago
  19. science and technologyThe first amphibiansabout 375 million years ago
  20. daily lifeCarboniferous forestsabout 320 million years ago
  21. science and technologyThe great Permian extinctionabout 252 million years ago
  22. science and technologyThe first dinosaursabout 230 million years ago
  23. science and technologyThe first mammalsabout 225 million years ago
  24. science and technologyThe first birdsabout 150 million years ago
  25. science and technologyExtinction of the non-avian dinosaursabout 66 million years ago
Most of this era happens before the Earth existed, or when the continents had other shapes: no map, just sky.

Did you know?

  • If the whole history of the Universe lasted one year, the first dinosaurs would appear around Christmas and our species only in the last 12 minutes of 31 December.
  • The sunlight you see right now left the Sun about 8 minutes ago: looking far out into space also means looking back in time.
  • Tyrannosaurus and the sparrow on your balcony are relatives: both belong to the great family of theropod dinosaurs.

Test yourself

Ten questions on the era: multiple choice, before or after, put in order, match.

Quiz: The Earth before us
Photo of Ciro Simone Irmici

Who's behind this

Ciro Simone Irmici

I'm Ciro Simone Irmici and I build free websites for learning and playing. I built Storiascopio with artificial intelligence and I check every card and every source myself. I'm not a historian: if you find a mistake or would like one more event for your class, write to me.

More of my work: free audiobooks on YouTube · ebooks on Gumroad · Apple Books · music on Spotify and YouTube Music